Vacuoles are essential for cellular metabolism and growth and the maintenance of internal turgor pressure. They sequester lytic enzymes, ions and secondary metabolites that, if leaked into the cytosol, could lead to cell death. Despite their pivotal roles, quality control pathways that safeguard vacuolar integrity have remained elusive in plants. Here we describe a conserved vacuolar quality control pathway that is activated upon cell wall damage in a turgor-pressure-dependent manner. Cell …