Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a major cause of stroke. An individual risk estimation remains challenging, as AF patients with and without cerebrovascular event (CVE) may differ in yet unknown factors beyond those covered by the CHA(2)DS(2)-VASc score. We aimed to identify differences between AF patients with and without CVE with regard to AF characteristics and treatment, vascular risk factors and comorbidities, prognosis and outcome. Methods: We analyzed patients included in …