Kaposi sarcoma herpesvirus (KSHV)-associated disorders include Kaposi sarcoma (KS), primary effusion lymphoma (PEL), KSHV-associated multicentric Castleman disease (MCD) and KSHV-inflammatory cytokine syndrome (KICS). PEL, MCD, and KICS are associated with elevated circulating inflammatory cytokines. However, activation of the inflammasome, which generates IL-1 and IL-18 via active caspase-1/4/5, has not been evaluated in patients with KAD. Here we report that patients with HIV and one or …