Sacral neuromodulation for constipation and fecal incontinence in children and adolescents - study protocol of a prospective, randomized trial on the application of invasive vs. non-invasive technique

BACKGROUND: A therapeutic effect of sacral neuromodulation (SNM) on fecal incontinence (FI) and quality of life has been proven in adults. SNM is, however, rarely used in pediatric cases. The aim of the study is to investigate effects of SNM in pediatric constipation in a prospective parallel-group …