Phenotypic and genome-wide studies on dicarbonyls: major associations to glomerular filtration rate and gamma-glutamyltransferase activity

BACKGROUND: The dicarbonyl compounds methylglyoxal (MG), glyoxal (GO) and 3-deoxyglucosone (3-DG) have been linked to various diseases. However, disease-independent phenotypic and genotypic association studies with phenome-wide and genome-wide reach, respectively, have not been …