Urinary phenotyping of SARS-CoV-2 infection connects clinical diagnostics with metabolomics and uncovers impaired NAD⁺ pathway and SIRT1 activation

CONCLUSIONS: Our results confirm the potential of urinary metabolomics for noninvasive diagnostic/prognostic screening and show that the antiviral nucleosides could represent novel biomarkers linking viral load, immune response, and metabolism. Moreover, we established for the first time a casual link between kynurenine accumulation and deranged NAD^(+)/SIRT1, offering a novel mechanism through which SARS-CoV-2 manipulates host …