Prognostic Significance of ETP Phenotype and Minimal Residual Disease in T-ALL: A Children's Oncology Group Study

The early thymic precursor (ETP) immunophenotype was previously reported to confer poor outcome in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL), requiring prospective confirmation using contemporary risk-adjusted therapy. Between 2009 and 2014, 1,256 newly-diagnosed children and young adults enrolled on COG AALL0434 were assessed for ETP status and minimal residual disease (MRD) using flow cytometry at a central reference laboratory. Subjects were categorized as ETP (n=145; 11.5%), …