Germline variants in the DDX41 gene have been linked to myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) development. However, the risks associated with different variants remain unknown, as do the basis of their leukemogenic properties, impact on steady-state hematopoiesis and links to other cancers. Here, we investigate the frequency and significance of DDX41 variants in 454,792 United Kingdom Biobank (UKB) participants and identify 452 unique non-synonymous DNA variants …